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Substance Name: Sodium nitrite [USP]
RN: 7632-00-0
UNII: M0KG633D4F
InChIKey: LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M

Note

  • Nitrous acid sodium salt. Used in many industrial processes, in meat curing, coloring, and preserving, and as a reagent in ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY TECHNIQUES. It is used therapeutically as an antidote in cyanide poisoning. The compound is toxic and mutagenic and will react in vivo with secondary or tertiary amines thereby producing highly carcinogenic nitrosamines.

Molecular Formulas

  • H-N-O2.Na
  • N-O2.Na
  • Na-N-O2

Molecular Weight

  • 68.995
 

Classification Codes

Classification Codes

  • Antidote (to Cyanide Poisoning)
  • Antiviral (COVID-19)
  • Food Additives
  • Food Preservatives
  • Human Data
  • Indicators and Reagents
  • Mutation Data
  • Reproductive Effect
  • Skin / Eye Irritant
  • TSCA Flag S (Substance is Identified in a Final Significant New Use Rule)
  • Tumor Data

Superlist Classification Code

  • Reportable Quantity (RQ) = 100 lb
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Names and Synonyms

Name of Substance

  • Sodium nitrite
  • Sodium nitrite [USP]

MeSH Heading

  • Sodium nitrite

Synonyms

  • Anti-rust
  • Azotyn sodowy
  • Azotyn sodowy [Polish]
  • Caswell No. 782
  • CCRIS 559
  • Diazotizing salts
  • Dusitan sodny
  • Dusitan sodny [Czech]
  • EC 231-555-9
  • EINECS 231-555-9
  • EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 076204
  • Erinitrit
  • Filmerine
  • HSDB 757
  • Natrium nitrit
  • Natrium nitrit [German]
  • NCI-C02084
  • Nitrite de sodium
  • Nitrite de sodium [French]
  • Nitrito sodico
  • Nitrito sodico [Spanish]
  • NSC 77391
  • Sodium nitrite
  • Synfat 1004
  • UNII-M0KG633D4F

Systematic Names

  • Nitrous acid, sodium salt
  • Nitrous acid, sodium salt (1:1)
  • Sodium nitrite

Superlist Names

  • Nitrous acid, sodium salt
  • Sodium nitrite
  • Sodium nitrite solution
  • Sodium nitrite [UN1500] [Oxidizer]
  • UN1500

Registry Numbers

CAS Registry Number

  • 7632-00-0

FDA UNII

  • M0KG633D4F

Other Registry Numbers

  • 1992765-27-1
  • 32863-15-3
  • 56227-20-4
  • 82497-43-6
  • 82998-40-1

System Generated Number

  • 0007632000

Molecular Formulas

Molecular Formulas

  • H-N-O2.Na
  • N-O2.Na
  • Na-N-O2

Molecular Formula Fragments

  • COMPONENT
  • H-N-O2
  • N-O2
  • Na

Structure Descriptors

InChI

InChI=1S/HNO2.Na/c2-1-3;/h(H,2,3);/q;+1/p-1

InChIKey

LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M

Smiles

[Na+].[O-]N=O

Toxicity

Organism Test Type Route Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) Effect Source
cat LDLo oral 1500mg/kg (1500mg/kg)   "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." Vol. 4, Pg. 1372, 1935.
cat LDLo subcutaneous 35mg/kg (35mg/kg) GASTROINTESTINAL: CHANGES IN STRUCTURE OR FUNCTION OF SALIVARY GLANDS

LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: CYANOSIS

LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA		 Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. Vol. 126, Pg. 209, 1927.
chicken LD50 oral 28944ug/kg (28.944mg/kg)   American Journal of Veterinary Research. Vol. 30, Pg. 2185, 1969.
child LDLo oral 22mg/kg (22mg/kg) VASCULAR: OTHER CHANGES Lancet. Vol. 2, Pg. 162, 1917.
dog LDLo intravenous 15mg/kg (15mg/kg)   "Drug Dosages in Laboratory Animals - A Handbook," Rev. ed., Barnes, C.D., and L.G. Eltherington, Berkeley, Univ. of California Press, 1973Vol. -, Pg. 245, 1973.
dog LDLo oral 330mg/kg (330mg/kg)   "Drug Dosages in Laboratory Animals - A Handbook," Rev. ed., Barnes, C.D., and L.G. Eltherington, Berkeley, Univ. of California Press, 1973Vol. -, Pg. 245, 1973.
dog LDLo subcutaneous 60mg/kg (60mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD

PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION: FLACCID PARALYSIS WITHOUT ANESTHESIA (USUALLY NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKAGE)

GASTROINTESTINAL: NAUSEA OR VOMITING		 Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. Vol. 21, Pg. 425, 1911.
frog LDLo subcutaneous 1gm/kg (1000mg/kg)   "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." Vol. 4, Pg. 1372, 1935.
human LDLo oral 71mg/kg (71mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: COMA

BLOOD: METHEMOGLOBINEMIA-CARBOXYHEMOGLOBIN

GASTROINTESTINAL: NAUSEA OR VOMITING		 "Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1969Vol. -, Pg. 543, 1969.
human TDLo oral 14mg/kg (14mg/kg) GASTROINTESTINAL: NAUSEA OR VOMITING

BEHAVIORAL: CHANGES IN MOTOR ACTIVITY (SPECIFIC ASSAY)

VASCULAR: REGIONAL OR GENERAL ARTERIOLAR OR VENOUS DILATION		 Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift. Vol. 74, Pg. 961, 1949.
man LDLo oral 321mg/kg (321mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: COMA

LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: CYANOSIS

BLOOD: METHEMOGLOBINEMIA-CARBOXYHEMOGLOBIN		 Israel Journal of Medical Sciences. Vol. 28, Pg. 289, 1992.
man TDLo oral 1714ug/kg/70M (1.714mg/kg) CARDIAC: PULSE RATE INCREASE WITHOUT FALL IN BP

VASCULAR: BP LOWERING NOT CHARACTERIZED IN AUTONOMIC SECTION		 Journal of Clinical Investigation. Vol. 16, Pg. 73, 1937.
mouse LD50 intraperitoneal 158mg/kg (158mg/kg)   Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 165, Pg. 30, 1969.
mouse LD50 oral 175mg/kg (175mg/kg) VASCULAR: REGIONAL OR GENERAL ARTERIOLAR OR VENOUS DILATION

VASCULAR: BP LOWERING NOT CHARACTERIZED IN AUTONOMIC SECTION		 FAO Nutrition Meetings Report Series. Vol. 53A, Pg. 97, 1974.
mouse LDLo subcutaneous 150mg/kg (150mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT

LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY STIMULATION

GASTROINTESTINAL: NAUSEA OR VOMITING		 Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. Vol. 35, Pg. 480, 1929.
rabbit LD50 oral 186mg/kg (186mg/kg)   Southwestern Veterinarian. Vol. 27, Pg. 246, 1974.
rabbit LDLo intravenous 80mg/kg (80mg/kg) PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION: SPASTIC PARALYSIS WITH OR WITHOUT SENSORY CHANGE

BEHAVIORAL: COMA

KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: URINE VOLUME INCREASED		 Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 41, Pg. 121, 1931.
rabbit LDLo subcutaneous 60mg/kg (60mg/kg)   "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." Vol. 4, Pg. 1372, 1935.
rat LC50 inhalation 5500ug/m3/4H (5.5mg/m3)   Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Vol. 16(10), Pg. 36, 1972.
rat LD50 intravenous 65mg/kg (65mg/kg)   Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. Vol. 13, Pg. 320, 1963.
rat LD50 oral 180mg/kg (180mg/kg)   American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. Vol. 30, Pg. 470, 1969.
rat LD50 subcutaneous 96600ug/kg (96.6mg/kg)   Archives of Toxicology, Supplement. Vol. 14, Pg. 231, 1991.